Hantavirus infection in a child: clinical case

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14739/mmt.2024.1.298489

Keywords:

Hantavirus infections, anti-glomerular basement membrane disease, child, diagnosis

Abstract

Hantavirus infection is a rare zoonotic viral disease characterized by fever, interstitial pneumonia, acute respiratory failure, respiratory distress syndrome, acute heart failure, renal failure and digestive tract disorders.

The aim of the work is to acquaint practitioners with the case of hantavirus infection in a child.

Materials and methods. The child was treated at Zaporizhzhia City Pediatric Hospital No. 5. He underwent clinical and biochemical blood tests, microbiological, radiological and ultrasound examinations using hospital equipment. Determination of immunoglobulins M and G to hantavirus by immunofluorescence analysis was conducted in a reference laboratory.

Results. The child was admitted with complaints of headache, fever, epigastric pain, vomiting and stools with blood, shortness of breath, cough, blood in sputum, muscle pain, decreased diuresis. Laboratory findings included leukocytosis, anemia, thrombocytopenia, elevated ESR, elevated procalcitonin and creatinine levels, and hypercoagulability. Instrumentally, right-sided interstitial pneumonia and duodenal ulcer were diagnosed. The positive result for hantavirus infection was confirmed by the levels of immunoglobulins M and G to hantavirus and the increase in their titers in the dynamics. Comprehensive intensive care resulted in relatively rapid recovery of the child.

Conclusions. The criteria for the diagnosis of hantavirus infection with pulmonary and renal syndromes are: the presence of interstitial pulmonary edema, fever with myalgias, arthralgias, cephalgia, nausea, vomiting and headache, followed by oliguria. Neutrophilic leukocytosis, anemia, thrombocytopenia, increased hematocrit, proteinuria, and microhematuria are characteristic. Determination of IgM and G to hantavirus and their dynamics is effective for confirming the diagnosis. Hantavirus infection is rather rare in Ukraine. Clinical discussions of diseases that are rarely occurring in practice are useful for physicians and will facilitate a faster diagnostic search.

Author Biographies

M. Yu. Kurochkin, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Ukraine

MD, PhD, Professor of the Department of Pediatric Diseases

A. H. Davydova, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Ukraine

MD, PhD, Associate Professor of the Department of Pediatric Diseases

L. M. Boiarska, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Ukraine

MD, PhD, Professor, Head of the Department of Pediatric Diseases

V. M. Kapusta, Communal Non-commercial Enterprise “City Children’s Hospital No. 5” Zaporizhzhia City Council, Ukraine

Head of the Anesthesiology and Intensive Care and Chronic Dialysis Unit

S. M. Koshel, Communal Non-commercial Enterprise “City Children’s Hospital No. 5” Zaporizhzhia City Council, Ukraine

MD, Epidemiologist

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Published

2024-03-22

How to Cite

Kurochkin, M. Y. ., Davydova, A. H. ., Boiarska, L. M., Kapusta, V. M., & Koshel, S. M. . (2024). Hantavirus infection in a child: clinical case. Modern Medical Technology, 16(1), 68–72. https://doi.org/10.14739/mmt.2024.1.298489

Issue

Vol. 16 No. 1 (2024)

Section

Clinical cases

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